使用 shell 一键搭建 macOS 前端环境草稿
一台新的 Mac 电脑，从零搭建前端开发环境可能需要耗费数小时的时间，不如把这些时间拿来摸鱼，搭建开发环境的事交给脚本来做。
本文会先讲，如果是手动配置开发环境，应该怎么做
并在下一章节提供全自动的解决方案。
解决方案的代码维护在 GitHub 仓库(链接)，欢迎 star/pr
# 环境搭建（手动）
软件安装和环境配置两个环节
# 软件安装
# 1. 安装 Chrome
# 检查 Chrome 是否安装
if [ -d /Applications/Google\ Chrome.app ]
then
echo "\033[0;32m[✓]\033[0m Chrome is already installed"
else
cd ~/Downloads
curl https://dl.google.com/chrome/mac/stable/CHFA/googlechrome.dmg -o googlechrome.dmg --progress-bar
# 挂载dmg, 并弹出弹窗 移入aplication
hdiutil attach googlechrome.dmg
cp -rf /Volumes/Google\ Chrome/Google\ Chrome.app /Applications
if [ -d /Applications/Google\ Chrome.app ]
then
echo "\033[0;32m[✓]\033[0m Chrome installs success"
else
echo "\033[0;31m[×]\033[0m Chrome installs error"
fi
fi
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# 2. 安装 XCode
# check && install Xcode gcc -v
# https://developer.apple.com/download/all/
if xcode-select -p
then
echo "\033[0;32m[✓]\033[0m Xcode is already installed"
else
cd ~/Downloads
echo "xcode commond line tools is downloading and will be installed soon，\033[0;32m[!] The computer password \033[0m is required during the installation process"
# TODO 待确认地址是否正确
curl https://download.developer.apple.com/Developer_Tools/Xcode_14.3.1/Xcode_14.3.1.xip -o xcode.dmg --progress-bar
hdiutil attach xcode.dmg
cd /Volumes/Command\ Line\ Developer\ Tools
sudo installer -pkg /Volumes/Command\ Line\ Developer\ Tools/Command\ Line\ Tools.pkg -target /
if xcode-select -p
then
echo "\033[0;32m[✓]\033[0m Xcode Command Line Tools installs success"
else
echo "\033[0;31m[×]\033[0m Xcode Command Line Tools installs error"
fi
fi
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# 3. 安装 VSCode
# check && install vscode
if [ -d /Applications/Visual\ Studio\ Code.app ]
then
echo "\033[0;32m[✓]\033[0m vscode is already installed"
else
cd ~/Downloads
echo "vscode is downloading and will be installed soon"
# TODO 下载最新版本
curl https://vscode.cdn.azure.cn/stable/a0479759d6e9ea56afa657e454193f72aef85bd0/VSCode-darwin-stable.zip -o vscode.zip --progress-bar
unzip -q ~/Downloads/vscode.zip
cp -rf ~/Downloads/Visual\ Studio\ Code.app /Applications
rm -rf ~/Downloads/Visual\ Studio\ Code.app
if [ -d /Applications/Visual\ Studio\ Code.app ]
then
echo "\033[0;32m[✓]\033[0m vscode installs success"
cat << EOF >> ${HOME}/.zshrc
export PATH="/Applications/Visual Studio Code.app/Contents/Resources/app/bin:$PATH"
EOF
source ${HOME}/.zshrc
# 安装常用的 VSCode 拓展
code --install-extension eamodio.gitlens
else
echo "\033[0;31m[×]\033[0m vscode installs error"
fi
fi
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# 环境配置
# 1. 安装 Node 环境
command_exists() {
command -v "$@" >/dev/null 2>&1
}
# install nvm & node
if command_exists node
then
echo "\033[0;32m[✓]\033[0m node is already installed"
else
echo "nvm is downloading & node is going to install"
# TODO 安装最新版本
curl -o- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nvm-sh/nvm/v0.35.3/install.sh | bash
if [ ! -f "${HOME}/.zshrc" ]
then
touch ${HOME}/.zshrc # 文件不存在创建, 否则继续执行下面
fi
export NVM_DIR="$([ -z "${XDG_CONFIG_HOME-}" ] && printf %s "${HOME}/.nvm" || printf %s "${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/nvm")"
[ -s "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh" ] && \. "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh" # This loads nvm
[ -s "$NVM_DIR/bash_completion" ] && \. "$NVM_DIR/bash_completion" # This loads nvm bash_completion
echo '\nexport NVM_DIR="$([ -z "${XDG_CONFIG_HOME-}" ] && printf %s "${HOME}/.nvm" || printf %s "${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/nvm")"\n[ -s "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh" ] && \. "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh" # This loads nvm' >> ${HOME}/.zshrc
source ${HOME}/.zshrc
nvm install --lts
nvm use --lts
if command_exists node
then
echo "\033[0;32m[✓]\033[0m node installs success"
else
echo "\033[0;31m[×]\033[0m node installs error, nvm installs error"
fi
fi
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# 2. 配置 npm
# TODO 可以自由选择其他镜像源
registry=$(npm config get registry)
# 默认是 https://registry.npmjs.org/
if [ "$registry" = "https://registry.npm.taobao.org/" ]; then
echo "\033[0;32m[✓]\033[0m NPM registry pointing to taobao"
else
npm config set registry https://registry.npm.taobao.org/
echo "\033[0;32m[✓]\033[0m NPM registry pointing to taobao"
fi
# TODO yarn/pnpm 配置
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# 3. 配置 Git 以及 GitHub
# 配置gitlab
if ls -al ~/.ssh
then
if [ -f ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub ]
then
echo "ssh公钥存在"
cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
echo "=================================复制公钥到 \033[0;32mhttps://github.com/settings/keys \033[0m ============"
else
echo -n "Enter your Email:"
read email
ssh-keygen -t rsa -C $email
cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
echo "=================================复制公钥到 \033[0;32mhttps://github.com/settings/keys \033[0m ============"
fi
else
echo "\033[0;32m[!]\033[0m 需要配置ssh"
echo -n "Enter your name:"
read name
echo -n "Enter your email:"
read email
ssh-keygen -t rsa -C $email
git config --global user.name $name
git config --global user.email $email
if [ -f ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub ]
then
echo "ssh公钥如下"
cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
echo "=================================复制公钥到 \033[0;32mhttps://github.com/settings/keys \033[0m ============"
fi
echo "\033[0;32m[✓]\033[0m hello $name, $email, 已经给您配置本地git中"
fi
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# 环境搭建（自动）
执行
# TODO 确定地址，github CDN
sh -c "$(curl -fsSL https://xxx//fe-init.sh)"
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如果不放心链接内容，或者链接访问不通，可以复制以下内容保存到本地（my.sh），然后重新执行 sh 命令
sh my.sh
1
fe-init.sh 完整内容如下：
#！/bin/bash
echo '=================================运行完毕，恭喜您环境已准备就绪, 可以开始开发======================'
echo '=================================下面是可选安装应用，可以根据需要来选择安装======================'
reg_num_str='^[0-9]+(,[0-9]+)*$'
prompt="Enter an option (多个用 英文逗号 相隔如1,2 数字 6 直接退出): "
# TODO 加入最新的 Vite/Next 等？
files=("charles" "iterm2" "yarn" "pnpm" "homebrew" "Quit")
menuitems() {
echo "Avaliable apps:"
for i in ${!files[@]}; do
printf "%3d) %s\n" $((i+1)) "${files[i]}"
done
}
menuitems
while read -rp "$prompt" num && [[ "$num" ]]; do
if [[ "$num" =~ $reg_num_str ]];
then
arr=(`echo $num | tr ',' ' '`)
echo $num
# 6 退出
if [[ ${#arr[@]} == 1 && $num == ${#files[@]} ]];then
break;
elif [[ ${#arr[@]} == 1 && ($num -gt ${#files[@]} || $num -le 0) ]]; then
echo "Invalid option: ${num}";
continue;
else
break;
fi
else
echo "Invalid option: ${num}";
continue;
fi
done
for i in ${!arr[@]}; do
tmp=`expr ${arr[i]} - 1`;
[[ "${choices[tmp]}" ]] && choices[tmp]="" || choices[tmp]=${files[tmp]}
done
unset tmp
if [[ ${#choices[@]} -ge 1 ]]; then
echo "You selected ${choices[@]}"
else
echo "You selected nothing"
fi
# 开始安装遍历
for i in ${!choices[@]}; do
case ${choices[i]} in
"charles")
if [ -d /Applications/Charles.app ]
then
echo "\033[0;32m[✓]\033[0m charles is already installed"
else
echo "charles is downloading and will be installed soon. \033[0;32m[!] A license agreement will appear before the installation, and you need to press Enter until you need to enter "Y" \033[0m"
cd ~/Downloads
curl https://www.charlesproxy.com/assets/release/4.5.6/charles-proxy-4.5.6.dmg -o charles.dmg --progress-bar
hdiutil attach charles.dmg
cp -rf /Volumes/Charles\ Proxy\ v4.5.6/Charles.app /Applications
if [ -d /Applications/Charles.app ]
then
echo "\033[0;32m[✓]\033[0m charles install success"
else
echo "\033[0;31m[×]\033[0m charles install error"
fi
fi
;;
"iterm2")
if [ -d /Applications/iTerm.app ]
then
echo "\033[0;32m[✓]\033[0m iTerm2 is already installed"
else
cd ~/Downloads
echo "iterm2 is downloading and will be installed soon"
curl https://iterm2.com/downloads/stable/iTerm2-3_3_12.zip -o item2.zip --progress-bar
unzip -q ~/Downloads/item2.zip
cp -rf ~/Downloads/iTerm.app /Applications
# 移动完之后删除
rm -rf ~/Downloads/iTerm.app
if [ -d /Applications/iTerm.app ]
then
echo "\033[0;32m[✓]\033[0m iTerm2 installs success, install oh-my-zsh start"
# TODO item 配置脚本
echo '\nexport NVM_DIR="$([ -z "${XDG_CONFIG_HOME-}" ] && printf %s "${HOME}/.nvm" || printf %s "${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/nvm")"\n[ -s "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh" ] && \. "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh" # This loads nvm' >> ${HOME}/.zshrc
cat << EOF >> ${HOME}/.zshrc
export PATH="/Applications/Visual Studio Code.app/Contents/Resources/app/bin:$PATH"
EOF
# echo 'ZSH_THEME="agnoster"' >> ${HOME}/.zshrc
source ${HOME}/.zshrc
else
echo "\033[0;31m[×]\033[0m iTerm2 installs error"
fi
fi
;;
"yarn")
if yarn -v
then
echo "\033[0;32m[✓]\033[0m yarn already installed"
else
echo "yarn is installing"
npm install -g yarn
node_stderr=$(yarn -v 2>&1)
if [[ "$node_stderr" == *"permission"* ]]; then
sudo chown -R ${USER} ${HOME}/.config
if yarn -v
then
echo "\033[0;32m[✓]\033[0m yarn installs success"
else
echo "\033[0;31m[×]\033[0m yarn installs error"
fi
else
echo $node_stderr
fi
unset node_stderr
fi
;;
"pnpm")
if command_exists pnpm
then
echo "\033[0;32m[✓]\033[0m pnpm already installed"
else
echo "pnpm is installing"
npm install -g pnpm
if pnpm --version
then
echo "\033[0;32m[✓]\033[0m pnpm installs success"
else
echo "\033[0;31m[×]\033[0m pnpm installs error"
fi
fi
;;
"homebrew")
if command_exists brew
then
echo "\033[0;32m[✓]\033[0m brew already installed"
else
echo "homeBrew is installing and \033[0;32m[!] The computer password \033[0m is required during the installation process"
curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install.sh | bash
if command_exists brew
then
echo "\033[0;32m[✓]\033[0m brew installs success"
else
echo "\033[0;31m[×]\033[0m brew installs error"
fi
fi
;;
*) break
esac
done
echo "=================================运行完毕，恭喜您环境已准备就绪, 可以开始开发======================"
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# 总结
本文提供了手动和自动两种搭建
但都是基于 shell 命令，不够直观，后续会开发一个带 UI 的工具，敬请期待
# 拓展阅读
编辑 (opens new window)
上次更新: 2024/09/01, 23:56:56